Because of the 1851 yellow fever epidemic, the Hia Ced O'odham were compelled to seek safety among their Tohono O'odham relatives. Ever since, the people known alternately as the "Areneños" and "Sand Papago" have endured the consequences of being regarded as "extinct." However, contrary to popular opinion, the Hia Ced O'odham have endured as a discreet part of the O'odham community. Who are they, and how did they go from extinct people to a resurgent nation?